Section 4. Minimising surprises for society
4.1. Unusual winter weather events cause rapid changes in tundra ecology
4.2. Thawing permafrost and human health
4.3. Modern extreme weather in the low Arctic is recorded in growth-rings of shrubs
4.4. Forest recovery after fire
4.5. Fate of dissolved black carbon after fire in boreal forests in Finland
4.6. The exploding tundra: from mounds to craters in permafrost